Brief Introduction of the Stiffness of Bellows
Stiffness
The load value required to cause a unit displacement of a metal bellows or other elastic element is called the stiffness of the element, and it is generally expressed by “K”. If the elastic properties of the element are non-linear, the stiffness is no longer constant, but changes with increasing load. The elastic tolerance of bellows for general engineering can be limited within +/- 50%. The stiffness of the corrugated pipe is divided into axial stiffness, bending stiffness, torsional stiffness, etc. according to different load and displacement properties. In the application of bellows, most of the stress conditions are axial loads, and the displacement mode is linear displacement. The following are the main calculation methods for designing the axial stiffness of bellows:
- Calculation of the stiffness of bellows by energy method
- Empirical formula to calculate the stiffness of bellows
- Numerical method for calculating the stiffness of bellows
- EJMA standard stiffness calculation method
- Japan TOYO method for calculating stiffness
- US (new law) method for calculating stiffness
